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Learning from the findings of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report to design future strategies for climate change research and observations was the key objective of a workshop organized jointly by the Global Climate Observing System (GCOS), the World Climate Research Program (WCRP), and the International Geosphere‐ Biosphere Programme (IGBP) in Sydney, Australia. Some 66 key IPCC authors and other experts associated with the three international...
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Learning from the findings of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report to design future strategies for climate change research and observations was the key objective of a workshop organized jointly by the Global Climate Observing System (GCOS), the World Climate Research Program (WCRP), and the International Geosphere‐ Biosphere Programme (IGBP) in Sydney, Australia. Some 66 key IPCC authors and other experts associated with the three international...
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The United States produces 41% of the world's corn and 38% of the world's soybeans. These crops comprise two of the four largest sources of caloric energy produced and are thus critical for world food supply. We pair a panel of county-level yields for these two crops, plus cotton (a warmer-weather crop), with a new fine-scale weather dataset that incorporates the whole distribution of temperatures within each day and across all days in the growing season. We find that yields increase with...
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There is much documented material concerning human thermal comfort from the physiological, adaptive and social convention paradigms. Most of these studies have been conducted on limited-occupancy buildings, such as offices and institutions of higher learning in the northern hemisphere and parts of the ASEAN region; the subjects generally being adults and assumed to be in good health. In contrast, limited work appears to have been carried out in regularly occupied buildings like homes and in...
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In this paper we develop and estimate a model to explain variations in immigration to the United States by source country since the early 1970s. The explanatory variables include ratios to the United States of source country income and education as well as relative inequality. In addition, we incorporate the stock of previous immigrants and a variety of variables representing different dimensions of the immigration quotas set by policy. We use the results to shed light on the impact of...
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The objective of this research is to investigate air flow distribution inside a light weight test room which is naturally ventilated using artificial neural networks. The test room is situated in a relatively sheltered location and is ventilated through adjustable louvres. Indoor air temperature and velocity are measured at four locations and six different levels. The outside local temperature, relative humidity, wind velocity and direction are also monitored. The collected data are used to...
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Human exposure to excessively warm weather, especially in cities, is an increasingly important public health problem. This study examined heat-related health inequalities within one city in order to understand the relationships between the microclimates of urban neighborhoods, population characteristics, thermal environments that regulate microclimates, and the resources people possess to cope with climatic conditions. A simulation model was used to estimate an outdoor human thermal comfort...
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This study compared monosyllabic word recognition in quiet, noise, and noise with reverberation for 15 monolingual American English speakers and 12 Spanish–English bilinguals who had learned English prior to 6 years of age and spoke English without a noticeable foreign accent. Significantly poorer word recognition scores were obtained for the bilingual listeners than for the monolingual listeners under conditions of noise and noise with reverberation, but not in quiet. Although bilinguals...