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High temperature makes the children uneasy during classroom activities. This study examines the effect of air temperature to children‟s cognitive performance. The school profile was determined such as: the total number of teachers, number of enrollees, land area (sq.m.), number of buildings and number of trees was determined to support the analysis of the data collected. The respondents were the Top thirty (30) Grade V pupils from public city elementary school in the Bicol Region. The pen-and-paper test was administered using the standardized test question in Science V of forty (40) items. The examination was done in the room without ventilation at 9:00 O‟clock to 11 O‟clock in the morning. Outdoor and indoor air temperature was recorded. The temperature recorded in the seven Public Central City Elementary Schools ranged from 240C to 310C. The recorded temperature indicates that the air contains particulates or pollutants like CO2 resulting in high temperature. Future work is required to establish evidence based guidelines for average temperatures and CO2 levels in classrooms. Findings suggest that high ventilation rates and low temperatures are required to provide optimum health outcomes and learning conditions. Natural Ventilation is also recommended through planting more trees in school vicinity to provide fresher air.